Two cycle internal combustion engine swash plate construction



y 1931. H. B. GREENING ET AL 1,804,010

TWO-CYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SWASH PLATE CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 14. 192 9 2 Sheets-Sheet l I I1 venior-S. Hera/dB Green/n James W Ga //0 way.

May 5, 1931. H. B. GREENING ETAL' 0 TWOCYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SWASH PLATE CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 14. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inven toys. Hera/cl B. Green/m v Patented May 5, 1931 V UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE HERALD 2B. GREENING, or HAMILTON, ONTARIO, CAN DA, AND JAMES w. eALLowAY,

or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS T G LLowAY ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED, 01' nAMiLToN, ON RIO, CANADA. 7

'rwo CYCLE mus. oomau's'rron ENGINE'SWASH PLATE CONSTRUCTION v Applicationfiled Tanuary 14, 1929. Serial No. 332,385.

The principal objects of theinvention are] to produce an extremely compact form of engine in which, the weight and bulk per horse power will be materially reduced from the ordinary type of crank shaft engine, to

devise an engine which will have a very umform torque, which will be partlcularly adapted for aeroplane service and w ll present an extremely small frontal resistance area. 7

A further and important object is to facilitate the application ofthe two-cycle type of engine to a construction in which the torque is applied to the shaft through a-s wash plate.

The principal feature of the invention consists in the novel arrangement of a plurality of cylinders parallelly disposed around the engine shaft, said cylinders having their head ends connected in pairs, one cylinder of each pair having an intake port and the other cylinder of each pair having an exhaust port, the pistons operating in said cylinders being operatively connected with a swash plate mounted on the shaft.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of anon-1 gine constructed in accordance with this in vention "taken through the line 1.1 .of

Figure 2. 1

Figure 2 is an end elevation and part sectional view taken on the line 3 22-2 of Figure 1. 1

Figure 3 is a sectional detail illustrating the paired arrangement of the cylinders and common combustion head In reference to the accompanying drawings the casing l is of substantially cylinder form and has extending from one end thereof a plurality of cylinders 2-3 which'are arranged in pairs, said pairs being equally spaced-and arranged with their axes parallel with the axis of the casing.

port 4 and the ports 40f the group of cylinders are connected to a suitable manifold.

Each of the cylinders 3 is provided with a port 5 and the ports 5 of the group of cylinders are connected to a suitable manifold.

The's'e m-anifoldsare not shown as they may 1 be arranged in various forms.

The outer ends of each pair of cylinders 23 are connected together by a cap 6which; is formed with. a recess 7 in the underside 5 which forms a common combustion chamber for a pair of cylinders.

The arrangement of paired two cycle cylinders with a,comm'on combustion head is known to the art and further description W thereof is not considered necessary. .1 Within each of the cylinders 2-3 'is arranged a piston.8 and to each piston is secured a rod 9 connecting the piston with a cross-head 10 which is slidably mounted in' the casing 1. v 1

A shaft 11 is mounted in asuitable bearing 12 arranged in the casing head 13 and the other end is supported in a bearing 14 mounted in the head 15 which supports the outer endsof the cylinders 23. I a

A swash plate 16 is rigidly secured to the shaft 11 within the casing 1 and operatively engages the several bearing blocks 17. carried by the cross-head 10. a 7 It will be readily understood that owing to the angularity of the swash plate, one of 1 the pistons ofeach pair of cylinders 2+3-will have a slight lead over the other piston'of each pair and the cylinders in which the so leading pistons are arra ged will have their ports connected with t e exhaust manifold while the portspf the other cylinders will be connected to an intakemanifold'. i

It will be understood that this peculiar arrangement of leads of the pistons in the exhaust cylinders will effect the opening of'the :exhaust port of each pair in advance of the opening of the intake port so that the cylinder pressure w ll be reduced practically to atmosphere before theintake port in the adj acent cylinder of the pair isiopened. It will bereferable to feed the inflowing 5* char f tt d Each of the cylinders 2 is provided with a ge 0 car are an under pressure and after the exhaust; PC 1 are closed. This will ensure a full charge of carburetted air to both cylinders.

On the closing of the intake ports, both pistons will compress the charge into the common combustion chamber and upon the firing of the charge the pistons will reverse their movement and exert their longitudinal thrust against the swash plate to rotate the shaft.

It will be understood that with an arrangement of a plurality of paired cylinders such as described arranged around the shaft, a uniform torque will be applied through the swash plate to the shaft.

It will be obvious that any desirable num-. ber of pairs of cylinders may be arranged around the shaft and if desired a duplicate set of cylinders may be arranged at the opposite end. of the casing 1 towork in co-operation with the other set of cylinders so that thrust may be applied to the swash plate in both directions.

hat we claim as our invention is:

An internal combustion engine, comprising a casing having a plurality of pairs of cylinders extending from the end thereof parallel with the axis of the casing, the cylinders of each of said pairs being connected by a common combustion head, one cylinder of each pair having an intake port and the other cylinder of each pair having an exhaust port, a shaft axially mounted in said casing, a swash plate rigidly secured to said shaft, pistons operating in said cylinders, and cross-heads slidably arranged in said casing and connected with said pistons an operatively engaging the angled surfaces of said swash plate.

HERALD B. GREENING.

JAMES WV. GALLOWAY. 

